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S13/S14 axles have tripod CV joints. Prone to break at higher power levels, and don't last as long at extreme angles seen when lowering the car.
Z33 axles have Rzeppa (inventor's last name, pronounced CHEP-uh) CV joints. Can hold power reliably and are more capable of handling extreme angles compared to tripods.
S13/S14 and Z33 have different bolt patterns, so the stub shaft has a Z33 pattern flange welded on.
No additional performance, power wise. Just more reliable.
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